The connector is the key component of the current or signal connection, and is also an important part of the industrial system. Large aircraft, rockets, small cell phones, televisions, connectors appear in various forms, and bridge between circuits or other components, bearing the role of current or signal connection.

Connector

The connector, that is, CONNECTOR. It is also known as plug in, plug and socket in China. In general, it refers to electrical connectors. A device that connects two active devices to transmit a current or signal.

Connectors are one of the parts of our electronic engineering technicians. Its role is very simple: in the circuit is blocked or isolated circuit between, set up a bridge of communication, so that the current flow, so that the circuit to achieve a predetermined function. The connector is an indispensable part of the electronic device, and you will always find one or more connectors following the current flow path.

The form and structure of the connector are varied. With the different applications, frequency, power, application environment, and so on, there are various types of connectors. For example, the connector on the stadium and the connector of the hard drive, and the connector that ignites the rocket, is quite different. But no matter what kind of connector, it is necessary to ensure that the current is smooth and continuous and reliable circulation. It refers to, connectors are connected is not limited to the current, with the rapid development of optoelectronic technology today, optical system, the transmission signal vector is light, glass and plastic instead of the common circuit wire, but also use the connector optical signal pathway, and they are of the same circuit connector.

The birth of connectors is bred from the manufacturing technology of fighters. The aircraft in the campaign must be refueling and repairing on the ground, and the duration of stay on the ground is an important factor in a battle. Therefore, in the two war, the US military authorities were determined to work on the shortening of the ground maintenance time and the combat time of the fighters.

They first unit a variety of control instruments and parts, and then connected by connectors into a complete system. When the unit is repaired, the failure unit is dismantled and the new unit is replaced, and the aircraft will soon be lifted to the air. The AT-T Baer laboratory has successfully developed the Baer telephone system, computer and communication etc. then the rise of the industry, from the single connector enable technology have more development opportunities, the market is rapidly expanding.

Classification of connectors

Due to the increasingly diverse structure of connectors, new structures and applications are emerging. It is hard to adapt to solve the problem of classification and naming with a fixed mode.

1. According to the nature of use

External connector (used for outer casing) and internal connector (used for inner casing).

2. According to the hierarchy of connectors

Level 1. components to package interconnections (DEVICE TO PACKING):

It refers to the connection between the IC CHIP and the foot.

Level 2. package to substrate interconnections (COMPONENT LEAD TO CIRCCUITRY):

It refers to the connection between the COMPONENT and the PC board.

The connection of the Level 3. board to the board (Board To Board):

It refers to the interconnections between the PC board and the PC board.

The connection of the Level 4. subsystem to the sub system (SUBASSEMBLY TO SUBASSEMBLY)

The connection between the Level 5. subsystem and the I/O (SUBASSEMBLY TO I/O PORT).

The connection of the Level 6. system to the system (SYSTEM TO SYSTEM).

3. According to the processing method

The pressing type (Crimp Type), the pressing type (I.D.CType), also known as piercing, welding (SolderType), and zero insertion (Z.I.F Type).

4. According to the way of use

Line to board connector, board to board connector line, line connector, socket, input and output connector.

5. According to form

PCB connector, flat cable connector, coaxial cable connector, embedded connector, compression connector, circular connector, corner connector and printed wiring board connector.

6. According to the structure

General connector, waterproof and waterproof connector, environment resistant connector, air tightness connector, refractory connector, water resistant connector.

7. According to the working frequency

Low frequency and high frequency (with 3MHz as the boundary).

8. From its generality and related technical standards, the connector can be divided into the following categories (sub categories):

(1) low frequency circular connector;

(2) rectangular connector;

3. Printed circuit connector;

(4) radio frequency connector;

Fiber optic connector.

The basic performance of the connector

The basic performance of the connector knowledge connector can be divided into three major categories:

Mechanical performance, electrical performance and environmental performance.

1. mechanical properties

As far as connection function is concerned, the pulling force is an important mechanical property. The inserting force is divided into the insertion force and the pulling force (the pulling force, also called the separation force), and the requirements of the two are different. In the relevant standards, the maximum insertion force and the minimum separation force are specified. This indicates that from the point of view of application, the insertion force is small (thus having a low insertion force LIF and a structure without inserting force ZIF), while the separation force is too small, which will affect the reliability of contact. The insertion force and mechanical life of the connector are related to the coating quality (sliding friction coefficient) and the size and accuracy of the contact parts.

2. electrical performance

The main electrical properties of the connector include contact resistance, insulation resistance and electrical strength.

(1) a high quality electrical connector with contact resistance should have a low and stable contact resistance. The contact resistance of the connector varies from a few milliohms to dozens of millieu.

The insulation resistance of the insulation performance indicators measure between the electrical connector contacts and contact with the shell, the order of the number of megabytes to several begohm ranging from europe.

The resistance to electricity, or voltage resistance and dielectric pressure, is the ability to characterize the rated test voltage between the contact parts of the connector or between the contact parts and the shell.

(4) other electrical properties.

Electromagnetic interference leakage attenuation is the evaluation of the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic interference of the connector, which is generally tested in the range of 100MHz~10GHz frequency.

For RF coaxial connectors, there are electrical parameters such as characteristic impedance, insertion loss, reflection coefficient, voltage in Bobbi (VSWR) and so on. Due to the development of digital technology, in order to connect and transmit high-speed digital pulse signal, a new type of connector is high speed signal connector, the corresponding, in terms of electrical performance, in addition to the characteristic impedance, there are some new electrical indicators, such as crosstalk (crosstalk), transmission delay, delay (skew (delay) etc.).

3. environmental performance

Common environmental properties include temperature resistance, moisture resistance, salt spray, vibration, and shock.

At present, the maximum temperature of the temperature resistant connector is 200 c (except for a few high temperature special connectors), and the minimum temperature is -65 C. The operation of the connector, the current heat generated in the contact point, resulting in a temperature rise, so that the working temperature should be equal to the ambient temperature and the temperature rise and contact. In some specifications, the maximum allowable temperature rise of the connector under the rated working current is clearly defined.

The intrusion of moisture resistant moisture will affect the insulation properties of the connected h and corrode the metal parts. The condition of constant humidity and heat test is relative humidity 90%~95% (according to product specification, up to 98%) and temperature +40 + 20 degrees. The test time is 96 hours according to the product regulations. The alternating humid heat test is more severe.

3. When salt fog connector is working in the environment containing moisture and salinity, the metal structure and contact surface treatment layer may produce electrochemical corrosion, which affects the physical and electrical properties of connectors. In order to evaluate the ability of electrical connectors to withstand this environment, a salt spray test is prescribed. It hangs the connector in the temperature controlled test box, and uses the specified concentration of Sodium Chloride Solution to spray out with compressed air to form the salt mist atmosphere. The exposure time is regulated by product specification for at least 48 hours.

4. Vibration and impact, vibration and impact are important properties of electrical connectors. They are especially important in special application environments, such as aviation, aerospace, railway and road transportation. They are important indicators for testing the reliability and reliability of electrical connectors. There are clear regulations in the relevant test methods. The impact test should specify the peak acceleration, duration and pulse waveform, as well as the interruption time of electrical continuity.

Other environmental performance according to the requirements of use, other environmental properties of electric connectors, such as tightness (air leakage, liquid pressure), liquid impregnation (ability to abate vices for specific liquids), low air pressure and so on.

The basic structure of the connector

The basic structural parts of the connector are (1) contact parts; (2) insulators; (3) the outer shell (depending on the variety); (4) accessories.

1. Contact (contacts)

It is the core part of the connector to complete the electrical connection function. The contact pair is usually composed of positive contact parts and negative contact parts, and the electrical connection is completed through the intercalation of the contact parts of the Yin and Yang.

The positive contact is a rigid part, and its shape is cylindrical (circular pin), Fang Zhuxing (square needle) or flat (insert). The positive contact parts are usually made of brass and phosphorus bronze.

Negative contact: Jack, is the key parts of the contact, it depends on the elastic structure with pin inserted and combined elastic deformation and elastic force and positive contacts formed in close contact, complete the connection. Many kinds of structure of Jack, and a cylindrical (split groove, necking), fork type, cantilever type (longitudinal slot), folding type (longitudinal slot, figure 9), box shaped (square jack) and hyperboloid wire spring jack.

2. Insulators

Insulators are also commonly referred to as base or insert. Its function is to arrange contacts according to the required locations and distances, and to ensure insulation between the contacts and between the contacts and the outer shell. Good insulation resistance, resistance to voltage and easy processing are the basic requirements for selecting insulating materials into insulators.

3, shell

Also known as the shell (shell), is the connector housing, insulated mounting plate and pin provides mechanical protection it is installed, and plug and socket alignment are inserted and combined, and the connector is fixed to the equipment.

4, annex

Accessory structure accessories and installation accessories. Structural accessories such as card ring, positioning key, positioning pin, guide pin, connection ring, cable clamp, seal ring, seal pad, etc. Install accessories such as screws, nuts, screws, spring rings and so on. Most of the accessories are standard and universal.

Connector characteristics

1. One of the sides of a common contact or a contact is elastic. The connection of the circuit can be ensured by the connection of the contact points.

2. The terminal parts of the connection have the wiring structure that is easy to use wire or printed wiring board. It is for welding, encapsulation, holding, through hole welding and other structures.

3. The contact points are fixed in the correct position of the insulators, and the insulators can be used to maintain the voltage insulation resistance between the contacts.

4. It has a coupling structure, which facilitates the insertion or disengagement of the contact points, and is invariable by vibration or shock.

Future development trend of electronic connector technology

Connectors, as key components of current or signal connections, are also an important part of the industrial system. With the rapid development of personal mobile terminal, intelligent home appliances, information communication industry, new energy industry, transportation Aerospace Science and technology, artificial intelligence, medical equipment and other fields, the connector in the function, appearance, performance, the use of the environment put forward higher requirements.

1, the trend of miniaturization and integration

In order to meet the requirements of portable, digital and multi-functional electronic equipment, as well as the requirements of production assembly automation, the electronic connector must adjust the product structure. The products are mainly developed in the direction of small size, low height, narrow distance, multi-function, long life and surface installation.

Miniaturization means that the center spacing of the electronic connector (connector) is smaller, and the high density is the realization of the large core number. The miniaturization of consumer electronics requires components to be miniaturized, thin and high-performance, which also promotes the development of connector products toward miniaturization and small spacing. The miniaturization of components is more demanding for technology. It all needs a strong industrial mold base to effectively support it.

2, the trend of intelligent development

Today is a world of rapid development of information, no matter what kind of information or technology, the demands of people are getting higher and higher. From the rapid development of information and communication data, wireless Internet has come to us, from the application of intelligent mobile phone, smart wearable, UAV, unmanned, VR reality, intelligent robot technology, the installation of IC chip and the control circuit of the electronic connector intelligent development is an inevitable trend, because this the electronic connector can grasp more intelligent electronic equipment usage, and improve their performance to achieve the intelligent wireless connector bridge.

3, the development trend of high performance

High speed transmission means that the modern computer, information technology and networking technology require that the time rate of signal transmission reaches the megahertz frequency band, and the time of the pulse reaches sub millisecond, so the high-speed transmission electronic connector (connector) is required.

High frequency is to adapt to the development of millimeter wave technology, radiofrequency coaxial electronic connector (connector) has already entered the millimeter wave band.

Large current is also an important development direction of many electronic connectors (connectors). Although short and thin, low energy consumption is the direction of consumer electronic products. However, the following two aspects determine the application in many occasions, the evolution of power supply to the current direction, we use common computer CPU as an example to illustrate the reasons: first, to improve the performance of computer, to enhance CPU speed, required transistor the increase in the number of power consumption, therefore rise in voltage under constant current rising in proportion; second, with the development of semiconductor technology, the working voltage of the transistor is gradually reduced, to reduce power consumption, but its physical properties decided to reduce the proportion of less than the power voltage, therefore, an important indicator of the current increases is also a test of electronic connectors high performance development.

Resistance to signal interference and shielding, when the speed of data transmission increases, the influence of capacitance and impedance is also more obvious. The signal on a terminal crosstalk to the adjacent terminals and affects its signal integrity. In addition, the grounding capacitance reduces the impedance of the high speed signal and attenuates the signal. In the new connector design, each signal transmission terminal is separated from each other. The difference signal pair will be able to achieve this goal, because each difference signal pair has a grounding pin on one side to reduce crosstalk. The first layer is usually open up area to separate adjacent ground terminal. The next level is the grounding shielding between the lines. The application of the top layer will include a metal ground structure around each signal terminal. Such metal shielding achieves the best combination of data transmission speed and signal integrity.

The limit environment is reliable and green. In the modern high-tech industry, many related to environmental conditions limit the use of connectors, high temperature, low temperature, vibration, heat environment, corrosive environment, electronic connectors can normal use, which makes the selection of raw materials, in the connector structure design and processing technology have higher requirements. New high temperature resistant materials, new plating coating process, and more elastic alloy materials make future connectors more suitable for harsh environment.

4. The beautiful appearance and fashion pay more attention to the use of humanized development trend

With the continuous development and progress of multi - media and other technologies, the adaptable changes of the adaptable main body are also occurring. Connector with the development of science and technology, a good connector not only will become more beautiful and fashionable appearance, material to be more and more sturdy and durable, operation more convenient, more important is the core parts of connection design will become more sophisticated and precise. This will not happen as a general data connector takes a long time and the slot is loosened. The data transmission part of the connector will be completely paralyzed at a severe time, which will greatly hurt the customer's confidence in the purchase of the main product.

Now the upgrading of electronic devices very fast, the connector industry in the future development trend to miniaturization of integrated and intelligent, high performance and the use of human is the future trend of development, the only way to the development of the times, otherwise will be eliminated by the market.

The 35 most profitable connector manufacturers in the world

1、泰科电子（TE Connectivity）

In 1999, Tyco International merged with AMP and acquired Raychem in the same year as the largest connector supplier in the world.

In 2007, Tyco Electronics was separated from Tyco International and listed on New York securities, and has become an independent company. In March 2011, Tyco Electronics was formally renamed as TE Connectivity.

The agent distributors of Tyco mainly include Avnet, Arrow, Future, TTI, Waldom, Heilind, Premier Farnell and so on.

2、莫仕（Molex）

Molex is a leading global supplier connection system, do terminal, plastic shell started, at present in the mainland to sell most of the Chinese or terminal plastic shell, it is consumer electronics Molex connector world leader.

Molex distributors are mainly Avnet, Arrow, Bo Feng Electronics, Heilind, Marubun, TTI, CF Technology, Tongyida electronics, long Xin industry etc..

3、安费诺（Amphenol）

Amphenol was founded in 1932, is one of the world's largest manufacturer of connectors. It entered China in 1984 and was listed on the New York stock exchange in 1991.

In 2005, Amphenol acquired Terryda in one fell swoop in the high speed communication connector, to further enhance the market competitiveness. In June 2015, Amphenol announced that it would buy Singapore's FCI Asia Trading Company for $1 billion 280 million, and then renamed it Amphenol FCI, or AFCI.

Amphenol through mergers and acquisitions and other old world into a connector in the military, aviation, aerospace, communications, very famous.

Our distributors are mainly Avnet, Arrow, Hisunny, TTI, VSELL, Hakuto, asiacom technology, electronics, electronics, He Lian Yafeng Youda electronics, Hongkong codeidea electronics, Wuhan Liyuan, Chun Jian, Deng Guang electronics etc..

4、富加宜（FCI）

FCI, founded in 1988 by Framatome, is the world's leading designer, manufacturer and supplier of electronic connectors. Its products are applied to automotive, communication, consumer electronics, data processing, industrial machinery and other fields.

FCI connector is popular in many countries in Europe, America and Asia because of its professional design and precision manufacturing technology. (in 2005, FCI was bought by Bain Capital of the United States consortium.)

Fujiayi main distributors are Avnet, Arrow, Wuhan Liyuan etc..

5、申泰（Samtec）

Based in the United States, Samtec is one of the largest connector manufacturers in the world. The first has won 13 consecutive years, comprehensive assessment BISHOP connector industry electronic industry's most authoritative assessment of North American research company, the most famous is the product of board to board products (row, row etc.).

6、日本航空电子（Jae）

JAE（Japan Aviation Electronics Industry,Limited）Is the full name of Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Co., Ltd., is one of the ten largest connector manufacturers in the world.

JAE, founded in 1953, is a long history company. It is the first choice supplier of Japanese military products. It is famous for its high end and precision. Mainly do computer peripheral, automobile connector and communication connector and so on, but in the mainland, mainly FPC and other precision connectors are more famous.

JAE Shanghai agents: faith capital electronics, Guan Zhi electronics, good bamboo, Hagiwara, Department of electric, electronic, take edge Qi Powertek, Shen Qing, Tokyo Sanxin, United, sub Ling, CIMA etc..

Hongkong agents: Fuchun code, crown electronics, haozhu, keysida, Ling three, Sanxin electrical etc..

7、3M

3M was founded in 1902, headquartered in Minnesota, St Paul City, is a diversified enterprise technology innovation is a world-class. To enter the Chinese market in 1984, it was the first wholly foreign-owned enterprise in China established outside the Shenzhen special economic zone.

3M covers areas such as industry, chemical industry, electronics, electrical, communication, transportation, automobile, aviation, medical treatment, safety, architecture, cultural and educational office, business and family consumer goods, etc.

8、矢崎（Yazaki）

The Japanese Yazaki Corporation, the world's top five hundred enterprises, founded in 1941, has been 70 years of history. It mainly produces automotive wire assemblies, meters, instruments, air conditioners, solar heaters, and automobile wire assemblies account for 30% of the world market, ranking the first in the world.

Yazaki has set up 434 factories or branches in 41 countries around the world, of which 18 are distributed in China, with more than 250 thousand people in the world. It is the world's largest manufacturer of automobile wiring harnesses.

9、日本压着端子（JST）

JST (Japan presses Terminal Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) and is headquartered in Osaka, Japan. In 1957, Mr. Takahashi Tanimurakuniko, the founder of the company, named the "soldering connection terminal" as the "pressing terminal", and began the production of the first batch of pressed terminals in Japan.

The name of the pressing terminal is popularized in the Japanese connector industry. The Japanese industrial standard JIS has the specification and name of "pressing terminal" from the name of the above product.

In 2007, JST founded the largest connector factory in the world in Malaysia.

10、菲尼克斯（Phoenix）

The world's most famous interface product supplier, the world market leader in the field of electrical connection, electronic interface technology and automation. The first combination terminal of the world was invented.

In 1993 China, and Electric Power Automation Research Institute of national electric power company (NARI Nari) joint venture Nanjing Feinikesi Electric Co. ltd..

In 2001, the large-scale increase of capital, the establishment of Feinikesi electric (Nanjing) Manufacturing Co., Ltd. and Feinikesi electric (Shanghai) import and Export Co., Ltd.

11、德尔福（Delphi）

One of the world's largest automotive electronics components and systems technology suppliers. The World Health Organization (Delphi Co), formerly a component subsidiary of general motors, was the largest auto component manufacturer in the world. In May 28, 1999, Delphi was formally separated from general motors and became a completely independent company.

12、韩国端子工业株式会社（KET）

One of the largest connector manufacturers in Korea, mainly produces connectors in the automotive, electronic and communications fields. In the satellite, the antenna has a better advantage.

KET Chinese district distributors are mainly in Hongkong and Shanghai since the electronics, Levin Beijing, Chongqing Quanyong l Woori electronics, Tianjin Easthigh etc..

13、松下电工（NAIS）NAIS Panasonic electrician is one of the enterprises under Panasonic in Japan. NAIS, the Natianol Panasonic electrician, mainly produces electrical appliances, mobile phone and other connector accessories.

14、正崴（Foxlink）

The Taiwan company, foxlink from 1986 onwards to the production of connectors and cable products started, is now apple, connecting wire connector suppliers. (small gossip: foxlink Group Chairman Guo Taiqiang for Hon Hai founder Terry Gou brother)

15、立讯精密（luxshare-ict）

Founded in 2004, the restructuring in 2009 02 months for Shenzhen luxshare industrial Limited by Share Ltd, 2010 public offering of A shares and listing. From 2011 to 2014, luxshare has acquired Boshuo Technology (Jiangxi) Co., Ltd., Kunshan liantao Electronics Co., ICT-LANTO (Hongkong) LIMITED, Shenzhen ke'ertong Industry Co. Ltd., Dongguan hearing Tao Electronics Co., Ltd., Fujian source photoelectric device Co. Ltd. Zhuhai win soft circuit.

In 2012, Shenzhen luxshare industrial Limited by Share Ltd officially renamed luxshare industrial Limited by Share Ltd. In 2014, luxshare has acquired SUK Kunststofftechnik GmbH (Germany), Fengdao Electronic Technology (Suzhou) Co., ltd..

In recent years, luxshare is actively restructuring, the traditional business has begun to expand the domestic brand market. It is reported that in addition to Apple lighting cable core suppliers outside the main suppliers luxshare or HUAWEI, OPPO, Vivo music and other domestic mobile phone brand, and its products have been Type-C for HUAWEI, OPPO, VIVO and music as the other brand new stock.

In addition, luxshare planning through mergers and acquisitions to expand into the connecting line from acoustics, precision structural parts, motor and other core components business. At present, the domestic market is already luxshare connector and highest earning of listed companies.

In 2016, luxshare achieved revenues of 13 billion 810 million, operating profit 1 billion 360 million, is only a local connector sales exceeded 10 billion listed companies.

16、中航光电（JONHON）

Birchtek started in the four line of small factory, ten years of rapid growth of domestic non Consumer Electronics Connector leading, the independent research and development of all kinds of connectors, more than 300 series, more than 230 thousand varieties, is the largest Chinese engaged in optical, electrical and fluid connectors of the R & D and production enterprises.

In the field of military products, the products of AVIC are related to ten military industry groups. They are involved in satellites, rockets, submarines and missiles. They are semi monopolized in the industry and account for more than 60% of the market share.

At present, AVIC has achieved a compound growth rate of more than 40% in the communication field, and is the main supplier of the new energy vehicle core connection system in China. It has entered the supporting system of Jianghuai, BYD, Yutong and other products. Birchtek subsidiary of AVIC Fushida, mainly Hisense, Xiangtong photoelectricity etc..

In 2015-2016 years, China Airlines' photoelectric revenue and profit were 4 billion 725 million, 580 million, 5 billion 854 million and 839 million respectively.

17、得润电子（DEREN）

Run electronics is one of the main suppliers of consumer electronics and automotive related electronic connectors. There are three main business groups at present. They are household appliances and consumer electronics business group, automotive electronics and electrical business group and vehicle networking business group.

In November 2016, it bought the 60% stock of Liuzhou Shuangfei electric appliance accessories manufacturing Co., Ltd. with 600 million yuan.

In 2015, the annual revenue of the electronic company was 3 billion 40 million yuan, and the net profit was 60 million 800 thousand yuan. In 2016, the annual revenue of the electronics has increased by 51.08% to 4 billion 589 million.

18、广濑电机（hirose）

Hirose HRS is the world's leading precision connector manufacturer. Its products are widely used in mobile phones, radio communications, measuring devices, GPS, wireless transmission, Bluetooth devices, automobiles and other industries.

In 2001, Kwan Hu opened the "Shanghai Representative Office of Japan wide SEIS Motor Co., Ltd." in Shanghai. In 2003, the "Shanghai motor trade (Shanghai) Company" was established. After that, the offices were opened in Shenzhen and Beijing.

Hirose electric China distributor mainly distribution, Hong Kong Electronics, electronics, chess, Xinbang electronics, chitwing Tongan etc..

19、住友电气（sumitomo）

Sumitomo Group's flag company, mainly production car connection, electrical tool connector.

20、魏德米勒（Weidmuller）

The German Wade Miller group provides international leading solutions providers for power, signal and data processing and other working conditions for electrical connection, transmission and industrial environment.

The product line includes wiring block, PCB connector, protective shell product, industrial Ethernet, relay module, power module, overvoltage protection module, electrical installation and identification product, basic I/O interface and a full range of tools and products.

21、哈丁（Harting）Germany HARTING is one of the main connector manufacturers in the world. The global market share of heavy-duty connector is the first. It mainly produces European connectors such as industrial automation.

22、然湖电子（Yeonho）

South Korea YEONHO (ran Hu) Electronics Co., Ltd., the main products include connectors (including terminals and HOUSING, WAFER), as well as line accessories, etc., mainly for all Korean businesses and Chinese enterprises supporting services, customers have LG, modern, Daewoo, Samsung, Xinke, Haier and so on.

23、欧度（Odu）

ODU ODU connector system was established in 1942, located in Munich of Germany, mainly the production of cylindrical type self-locking connector, wire spring connector, mixed module connectors and other special connector.

24、连展科技（Acon）

Lainzhan Polytron Technologies Inc was founded in 1986, is the world's leading connector manufacturers, currently has a production base in North China, East China, Southern China, and other regions.

25、富士康（Foxconn）

Before becoming a leading enterprise, Foxconn is a connector. Its precision connectors, wireless communication components, LCD monitors, Netcom devices, semiconductor devices and software technology development industries are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, such as Kunshan, Shanghai, Nanjing, Huaian, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiashan and other places.

In 2016, Foxconn received $136 billion 380 million in revenue.

26、宏致电子（Aces）

Taiwan company has production base in mainland Dongguan, Kunshan, Chongqing and other places, mainly produces connectors for NB, mobile phones, digital cameras and other consumer products.

27、日海通讯

Japan sea communication is one of the leading enterprises of fiber optic connector in China. It mainly provides operators with broadband network construction solutions and products.

In 2016, Japan sea communications realized revenue of 2 billion 706 million, a year-on-year reduction of 5.66%. Operating profit was 71 million 850 thousand, up 377.90% over the same period.

28、得意精密（Lotes）

Taiwan manufacturers, specializing in the production of precision electronic connectors, radiator, and other products manufacturers. In 1993, the Guangzhou Panyu De Yi Precision Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. was established in the mainland, and the Suzhou De Yi Precision Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. was established in 2004.

LOTES group carries out its own brand "LOTES", and enjoys a certain popularity in the PC industry.

29、Spaceflight electrical apparatus

Space electronics is a high-end electronic component supplier for a few key core technologies for aerospace products in China, mainly providing aviation and military connectors. At present, orders are full in the fields of aviation, space, communications and rail exchanges, and the compound growth rate of revenue has reached 28% in the last five years.

In 2016, space electrical appliances achieved 2 billion 556 million revenue and 326 million operating profit.

30、EPI precision

The precise metal casing giant domestic, have a right to speak in the field of mobile communication terminal and mobile phone. In addition to the metal exterior parts business and mobile communication terminal business in recent years, EPI precision also successfully extended to 3C, intelligent Home Furnishing, intelligent wearable, UAV and other fields, has been successfully developed by Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and other 360 industry customers.

The precise 2015 annual revenue of 3 billion 890 million yuan, net profit of 454 million yuan. In 2016, the annual revenue reached 6 billion 119 million and the operating profit was 736 million.

31、Wu Tong Holdings

Wu Tong holdings is one of the main suppliers of fiber optic connector, which is the radio frequency connection system of domestic wireless communication. Its wholly owned subsidiary, Jiangsu Wu Tong connector Co., Ltd. was established in 2016, dedicated to the research and development of connectors, arresters, structural components and RF microwave passive devices. By Wu holding another subsidiary of the thunder photoelectric, is the high reliability of optical and electrical, fluid connector suppliers.

In 2016, Wu Tong holdings achieved 1 billion 982 million revenue and 192 million operating profit.

32、Everlasting electric appliance

YG electrical connector companies for the domestic rise of a dark horse, but also one of the rail connectors leader in 16 years, the successful acquisition of Yi Teng Electronics (Kunshan) Co., ltd.. At present, Chery, BYD, has entered the ocean, Wan Xiang, Zotye, CSR times supply chain system.

In 2016, Yong GUI electric appliances 954 million, operating profit of 189 million.

33、Rainbow shares

Chronoswiss electronics is one of the most important areas of Sichuan electronic connector suppliers. 2016, its annual revenue is about 100 million yuan.

34、禾昌（P-TWO）

The listed companies in Taiwan are mainly engaged in H-3 electronic parts related industries. The company produces connectors for precision connector manufacturers, mainly including mobile phone industry, NB industry, TFT-LCD industry, disc player industry, PDA industry and so on.

35、Huafeng, Sichuan

The largest connector supplier in Sichuan is also one of the largest military connector manufacturers in China.

Is the big simple connector Market

In general, a light car has about 1500 connections, and an average of about $102 per car is needed for each car. In the future, every car or 600 to 1000 electronic connectors will be used, and the market demand is huge. Therefore, the automotive industry is the largest application market for connectors.

Usually car connectors are sold to the car harness manufacturers, and then by the car harness manufacturers to the vehicle manufacturers. However, manufacturers usually have large automotive wiring harness manufacturing capacity connector, so automotive wiring harness manufacturers generally is the connector manufacturers, such as electrical, Yazaki, Sumitomo Delphi are 1, 2, before the automobile wire harness 3. The car connectors with the highest income ratio are Tyco Electronics, FCI, and South Korea KET.